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The Origin of the HEPA Filter
During
the 1940’s, the first HEPA filter (high efficiency
particulate air) was developed as
part of a top-secret U.S. military
program called the “Manhattan Project” by Arthur D. Little
Co.,
a government contractor working to produce the first atomic
weapon. To move forward with
the project, scientists needed a means
of eliminating the minute but highly toxic radioactive
particles
that were contaminating experiments and endangering personnel. The
scientists
were mainly concerned with a specific particle size of
0.3 microns which was the most
penetrating and problematic. The
revolutionary new HEPA filter they designed solved the problem,
and from
that point on, the 0.3 micron particle size became the standard for
HEPA
performance and became the basis for modern HEPA filter designs
After World War II, the
technology was declassified and HEPA filters
(originally called absolute
filters) quickly became an essential
component in computer chip manufacturing, operating
rooms, pharmaceutical
manufacturing and of course, the safety industry. Today, a certified
HEPA
filter is defined by the Institute of Environmental Science
as a filter that can capture 99.97%
(or more) of particles that are
0.3 microns in size.
Different countries refer
to the technology by other names; in the United States we call
it HEPA
filtration, in Europe, they are
called
S-Class filters, over in England it is referred to as the
British
Standard 5415 and in Germany the filter performance standard
is called DIN 2418B Ti-E EU 13,
however, all these designations
refer
to the same basic HEPA filtration standards.
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